May 2021 Volume 3

CONTENTS

MAY 2021 | VOLUME 3

DEPARTMENTS 1

AUTOMATION 11 Should You Pay Your Robot MinimumWage? 14 Robotic Billet Loading Systems MATERIALS 17 Forging Die Steels – FAQ 19 FIA Member Feature: Weldaloy Specialty Forgings 22 Aerospace Grade Materials 23 Material Considerations for the Flood Welding Process 26 Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys: Tempers and Critical Requirements 29 Where Does Non-Uniform Residual Stress Come From in Aluminum? 33 BOHLER Steels for Hot Forging Tools – Productivity Meets Innovation 36 Forge Furnace Refractory Lining: Material Selection Matters 39 Selecting the Right Die Material OPERATIONS & MANAGEMENT 43 Leave It Better 45 Strategic Value and the Four Pillars 47 The Tougher the Times, the More Important Effective Strategies Become 49 Navigating the “New Normal” of Work 51 Shifting the Paradigm: Changing Our Approach to Safety in the Forging Industry

INDUSTRY NEWS 54 Welcome New Members 57 Forging Lines Installed for Chinese Customer 57 16,000-ton Line About to Be Delivered 59 Gasbarre Thermal Processing Systems Opens Technical Center in Livonia, Michigan Anchor Harvey Launches Electric Vehicle Workgroup 62 FIA Welcomes New Board Members 64 FIA Upcoming Events FORGING RESEARCH 67 Finite Element Analysis in the Metal Forming and Forging Industries: What to Know and Where to Apply 86 Additive Manufacturing for Forging Die Fabrication 88 A SIFCO Co-Op Student’s Perspective on the Industry MEMBERS SPEAK 90 Members Speak AD INDEX 92 May Advertiser Index 60 Forging for the Future,

President's Note

4

Washington Update

8

Equipment & Technology

11 Automation 17 Materials 43 Operations & Management 54 Industry News

67 Forging Research 90 Members Speak

92 Ad Index

PRESIDENT'S NOTE 1 President's Note WASHINGTON UPDATE 4 The American Jobs Plan and Lobbying for the Future EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY 8 The Use of Superalloys to

Extend Die Life

Official Publication of the Forging Industry Association

forging.org

May 2021

FORGING MATERIALS Should You Pay Your Robot MinimumWage? pg. 11 Tempers and Critical

Requirements for Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys pg. 26 Selecting the Right Die Material pg. 39 Additive Manufacturing for Forging Die Fabrication pg. 86

Photo Credit: Weber Metals and Ellwood City Forge Group

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FIA Magazine (ISSN 2643-1254 (print) and ISSN 2643-1262 (online)) is published 4 times annually, May, August, November and February by the Forging Industry Association, 1111 Superior Ave., Suite 615, Cleveland, OH 44114. Telephone: (216) 781-6260, Fax: (216) 781-0102. One (1) copy of the print version distributed at no charge only to members of the Forging Industry Association. Digital version distributed at no charge to qualified individuals. Subscription requests available at www.forging.org. Printed in the U.S.A. Periodicals postage paid in Cleveland, OH and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Forging Industry Association, 1111 Superior Ave., Suite 615, Cleveland, OH 44114. Copyright © 2021 by the Forging Industry Association in both printed and electronic formats. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in whole or part without the consent of the publisher. The publisher is not responsible for product claims and representations or for any statement made or opinion expressed herein. Data and information presented by the authors of specific articles are for informational purposes only and are not intended for use without independent, substantiating investigation on the part of potential users.

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FIA MAGAZINE | MAY 2021