November 2023 Volume 5

MATERIALS

Lightweight Alloys and Their Place in the Forging Industry By Angela Gibian

Titanium Alloys Titanium alloys are another class of lightweight materials found in the forging industry, especially in applications where high strength and durability is required. Titanium's exceptional strength-to weight ratio and biocompatibility make it a popular choice in the medical, aerospace, and military sectors. In July 2021, the Defense Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) which is one of DRDO’s premier laboratories, developed a high-strength metastable beta titanium alloy that will be used for making aerospace structural forging [2]. Another example is the medical field where titanium is used for orthopedic implants and dental fixtures due to its biocompatibility, resistance to corrosion, and lightweight properties.

Lightweight materials play a crucial role in the forging industry, where the production of strong, durable, and efficient components is of paramount importance. The choice of materials used in forging can impact the quality, performance, and cost of the final products. Lightweight materials have gained prominence in the forging industry due to their ability to reduce weight, enhance energy efficiency, and improve overall performance. Aluminum Alloys The global composite materials aluminum alloys aerospace market size grew from $25.75 billion in 2022 to $28.6 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.1% [1]. Aluminum alloys are one of the most frequently used lightweight materials in the forging industry. They offer several advantages, such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent corrosion resistance. These properties make aluminum alloys suitable for applications where weight reduction is a concern, such as aerospace, automotive, and marine industries.

Magnesium Alloys Magnesium alloys are the lightest of all structural metals, offering significant weight savings over aluminum and steel. They are commonly used in automotive and aerospace applications, where reducing weight is essential for improved fuel efficiency and overall performance. According to a report by Visiongain, the global Magnesium Alloys Market was valued at US$1,550.6 million in 2022 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.3% during the forecast period 2023-2033 [3]. In the automotive industry, magnesium forgings are employed in components such as wheels, transmission cases, and dashboard supports, contributing to better fuel economy and reduced emissions. In aerospace, magnesium alloys are used in non-critical structural components, where lightweight materials are needed to enhance aircraft performance.

For example, in the aerospace sector, forged aluminum components are used in aircraft structures, landing gear, and engine components. The lightweight nature of aluminum alloys contributes to fuel efficiency and reduces the overall weight of the aircraft, leading to cost savings and environmental benefits.

FIA MAGAZINE | NOVEMBER 2023 22